According to the regulations,the capacity of a liferaft is required to be marked().
A cloud of marked vertical development (often anvil-shaped) would be classified as().
Each lifebuoy shall be marked in block capitals of the Roman alphabet with()of the ship.
Look at the topic headings below, marked A, B, C, D E, and F, and match them with the paragraphs in the text below. There is one extra heading which you don’t need to use.
Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.
A. Decrease in food yields
B. Drop in yield affected by reduction in research
C. Pollution mining crops
D. Desperate situation for Asia
E. Population explosion compounds Asia’s problems
F. International commerce threatens Asian agriculture
WHY WE CAN’T AFFORD TO LET ASIA STARVE Among the problems afflicting a burgeoning world population, overcrowding, poverty and environmental degradation are combining to put at risk the very essence of our survival-food.
“If by the beginning of the next century we have failed to satisfy the very basic needs of the two billion very poor and four billion poor, life for the rest of us could be extremely risky and uncomfortable,” predicts Dr. Klaus Lampe of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines. This is a highly threatening, even terrifying prediction for Asia, where 70 per cent of the world’s poor live but where reserves of good quality arable land have practically run out.
Although the world regards Asia as the focus of an economic and industrial miracle, without adequate supplies of food, Lampe says, chaos could easily result in many countries. And the impact will be felt widely throughout the region. In the 1990s alone, he says, the cities of Asia will be swollen by a further 500 million people—nearly equal to the population of the United States and European Community combined. “The only growing population in Asia is that of the poor. Prime productive land is being used for city expansion and building roads, while thousands of hectares are being taken out of production each year because of salinity or alkalinity.”
From the mid-1960s when the Green Revolution began, Asian food production doubled through a combination of highyielding crops, expanded farming area and greater intensification. From now on, growing enough food will depend almost entirely on increasing yield from the same, or smaller, area of land. However, a mysterious threat is emerging in the noticeably declining yields of rice from areas that have been most intensively farmed. Unless scientists can unravel why this is so, food output in Asia may actually stagnate at a time when population will double.
Such issues, Lampe argues, while seen as remote by many countries and international corporations, will strike at their economic base as well. Societies that are too poor or driven by internal strife and civil war will be bad for investment or as markets for goods. Pressure from a rising tide of environmental and political refugees may also be felt.
One significant factor undermining the agricultural economies of developing countries has been the farm trade war between the US and the EC. “We talk about environmental degradation and dangerous chemicals, yet spend billions of US dollars and ECUs producing things we don’t want which ruin local production systems and incomes for poor people,” Lampe says. And instead of developed countries helping struggling nations to develop sustainable food production systems, their policies tend to erode and destroy them.
When world grain prices are bad, farmers in Asia’s uplands turn from rice to cash crops to supplement failing incomes, or clear larger areas of rainforest with catastrophic environmental consequences within just a few years. Cleared rainforest soils are highly erosive; even where they are not, they rapidly become acid and toxic under intense cultivation and plants die, forcing the clearing of ever-larger areas.
Research at the IRRI has indicated that intensive rice production-growing two or three crops a year on the same land is showing signs of yield declines as great as 30 per cent. Evidence for this comes from as far a field as India, The Philippines and Indonesia. At the same time, agricultural research worldwide has been contracting as governments, non-government bodies and private donors reduce funding because of domestic economic pressures. This means, Lampe says, that at risk is the capacity to solve such problems as rice yield decline and research to breed the new generation of superyielding crops. Yet rice will be needed to feed more than half the human population—an estimated 4.5 billion out of 8.3 billion people by 2030.
Compared with the building of weapons of mass destruction or the mounting of space missions to Mars, Lampe says, the devising of sustainable farming systems has little political appeal to most governments: “To them I say: I hope you can sleep well at night.”
The lifeboat releasing gear lever should be marked with the words().
What is the typical marked DSCP value for a voice media packet in Voice over IP technology?()
Look at the topic headings below, marked A, B, C, D E, and F, and match them with the paragraphs in the text below. There is one extra heading which you don’t need to use.
Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.
A.Some cultures communicate by using signals.
B.The commonest form of greeting is kiss.
C.Using body language can say much more than words.
D.The international business community is busy learning languages.
E.The handshake is a universal form of greeting.
F.Greeting people with a kiss can create confusion.
1 ______
One of the most important aspects of doing business internationally is being able to speak other languages. For this reason, there is a current boom in language learning for business people. But unless they can speak a foreign language really well, it is best to save it for socializing.
2 ______
But actions speak louder than words, and psychologists say that your body language is much more important than what you say. Doing the wrong thing, making eye contact, touching, using people’s first names, even how you eat and drink—can all be hazardous for people who are unfamiliar with certain cultures.
3 ______
Cultures are divided into “low context” and “high context”. In low context cultures such as North America, Britain, Sweden and Germany, people say things very plainly, and rely on clear verbal communication. High context cultures such as France, Japan, Spain, Saudi Arabia, China and South Korea often use silence or hand signals to communicate, and this can sometimes be as important as speaking.
4 _______
Shaking hands is often the most common form of greeting people, but even this can create problems. In Japan, people bow to each other. In England, people shake hands firmly, but not very often—while in places like Italy and France people shake hands all the time but not as firmly as the English. The Germans and the Danish nod their heads while they shake hands, as a mark of respect, while people in Mediterranean countries sometimes lean their heads backwards while doing the same thing.
5 _______
People from “low context” cultures tend to look into other people’s eyes, but in “high context” cultures such as the Chinese and Japanese, this can be interpreted as aggressive behavior. As a rule, though, close physical greetings such as kissing are not a good idea. For example, the British kiss each other once, on the right cheek, the French kiss each other twice, first on the left cheek and then on the right, but in some cultures, especially in the Middle East, they kiss up to four times and still shake hands!
Which item is NOT required to be marked with the vessel’s name().
Life jackets should be marked with the().
View the Exhibit and identify the component marked with a question mark. ()