2021高中教师专业知识真题模拟07-20

1、英国女王伊丽莎白二世到今年已经在位63年，是英国历史上统治时间最长的君主。她曾经对英国人民说：“我无法领导你们作战，我不能赋予你们法律或司法判决，但我可以做其他一些事情。”女王可以做的事情包括（）①同意议会通过的法律②任命首相和内阁大臣③操纵议会和政府的选举④代表英联邦，成为精神领袖（单选题）

A. ①②③

B. ①②④

C. ②③④

D. ①③④

试题答案：B

2、对井田制的解读主要有以下观点：是奴隶制度下的土地国有制；是奴隶制度下的农村公社制；是封建制度下的土地领主制；是封建制度下的家族公社制或农村公社制。造成上述分歧的客观原因主要是（）（单选题）

A. 史料证据匮乏与多元史观

B. 历史可以任人诉说

C. 百家争鸣的需要

D. 西周土地买卖频繁，难以确认

试题答案：A

3、2014年10月，某省就冬季城市集中供暖价格进行价格听证。在听证会上，公民充分发表意见，提出自己的建议。价格听证是为了（）（单选题）

A. 让公民直接参与民主管理，维护其当家作主的权利

B. 让公民利用合法渠道，充分行使监督权

C. 让决策利民，更好地维护人民的利益

D. 提高公民参政议政、民主协商的热情

试题答案：C

4、“汉朝早期，统治者试图在周朝松散的政治联盟和秦朝严格的中央专制间走一条中间路线。”材料中的“中间路线”是指（）（单选题）

A. 中朝制度

B. 郡国并行制度

C. 刺史制度

D. 行省制度

试题答案：B

5、

请阅读 Passage 1,完成第21~25小题。

Passage 1

Why has crime in the U.S. declined so dramatically since the 1990s?

Economists and sociologists have offered a bounty of reasons, including more police, more security technology, more economic growth, more immigration, more imprisonment, and so on.

The "real" answer is almost certainly a combination of these factors, rather than one of them to the exclusion of the rest. But a new paper adds a surprising variable to the mix. What if the decline of crime in America started with the decline of cash?

Cash is critical to the health of an underground economy, because it's anonymous, nearly untraceable, and easily stolen. This makes it the lifeblood of the black market.

But Americans are rapidly abandoning cash thanks to credit cards, debit cards, and mobile payments. Half a century ago, cash was used in 80 percent of U.S. payments. Now that figure is about 50 percent, according to researchers.

In the 1980s, the federal government switched from paper money to electronic benefit transfers. They didn't switch all at once. They switched one county at a time within states. This created a kind of randomly controlled environment for the researchers, who studied Missouri's counties to establish whether the areas that switched from welfare cash to electronic transfers saw a concurrent decline in crime.

The results were striking: The shift away from cash was associated with "a sigpificant decrease in the overall crime rate and the specific offenses of burglary and assault in Missouri and a decline in arrests." In other words, the counties saw a decline in specific crimes when they switched away from cash welfare.

Perhaps most interestingly, they found that the switch to electronic transfers reduced robbery but not rape, suggesting that the move away from cash only had an impact on crime related to getting and spending cash.

The move toward cashlessness in the U.S. continues quickly. Google now lets you attach money to emails to send to friends, which means that for some shoppers, pulling out your credit card could become as rare as finding exact change in your coin purse. It might seem absurd to imagine Visa, Square, and Google Wallet as crime-fighting technologies. But with a better understanding of how cash's availability affects crime, perhaps the government should consider killing more than just the penny.

Which of the following cannot explain why cash is critical to the health of an underground economy?

A. Cash is anonymous.

B. Cash is hardly traceable.

C. Cash is easily stolen.

D. Cash is the lifeblood of the black market.

试题答案：D